ArticleInternational journal of exercise science2026
A Theoretical Approach to Verbal Encouragement to Enhance Exercise Performance.
Article in International journal of exercise science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Verbal encouragement (VE) has previously been linked to improved exercise performance and reduced fatigue; however, it is still unclear what VE phrases lead to optimal performance results. Achievement Goal Theory identifies that a motivational climate may emphasize either personal improvement (mastery) or performance relative to peers (performance). However, research applying this theory in an acute, exercise setting is limited. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of mastery VE (MVE) and performance VE (PVE) on exercise performance during 1RM bench press, PACER, push-up, and plank assessments. Sixty college students were recruited and randomly assigned to either MVE, PVE, or control (C) in which they completed two baseline and two experimental visits. HR was measured immediately post-exercise for each assessment. A 2 (visit) x 3 (group) ANOVA with a Bonferroni adjustment was used to test for group differences in performance from baseline to experimental condition. Significant plank differences existed between MVE, PVE, and C groups (F(2,57) = 20.394, p<0.001, ηp
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