Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42499648›Full record

ReviewDepression and anxiety2026

Comorbidity Between Mood Disorders and Chronic Somatic Diseases, With a Focus on Cardiometabolic Disease, and Its Mechanistic Crosstalk.

Hongzhen Du, Gangqiang Du, Qian Zhang, Yixuan Zhao, Jilin Fan, Yufeng Zhou, Zihao Sun, Chen Li, Wei Li

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Depression and anxiety, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Hongzhen DuSchool of Special Education and Rehabilitation, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, Shandong, China, bzmc.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5097-2735
Gangqiang DuFirst Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, Shandong, China, sdutcm.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0992-2613
Qian ZhangSchool of Special Education and Rehabilitation, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, Shandong, China, bzmc.edu.cn.
Yixuan ZhaoDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai 264001, Shandong, China, ytsyy.com.
Jilin FanDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou 256603, Shandong, China, bzmc.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9508-4766
Yufeng ZhouSchool of Special Education and Rehabilitation, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, Shandong, China, bzmc.edu.cn.
Zihao SunSchool of Special Education and Rehabilitation, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, Shandong, China, bzmc.edu.cn.
Chen LiDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou 256603, Shandong, China, bzmc.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5385-6249
Wei LiDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou 256603, Shandong, China, bzmc.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6378-7723

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The comorbidity of mood disorders (MDs), represented by depression and anxiety, with chronic somatic diseases (CDs), particularly cardiometabolic conditions, poses a significant global public health challenge, markedly increasing the risk of adverse prognoses and all-cause mortality. Epidemiological studies indicate that ~36% of patients with multimorbidity exhibit psychosomatic comorbidity, with higher risk populations concentrated among females, older adults, and socioeconomically disadvantaged individuals. This review systematically analyzes the epidemiological distribution patterns of MD-CD comorbidity, with the strongest emphasis on cardiometabolic diseases-diabetes, metabolic syndrome (MetS), obesity, hypertension (HTA), and cardiovascular disease (CVD)-for which the mechanistic data are most developed, while also addressing osteoarthritis, psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), cancer, and neurological disorders. By integrating molecular mechanisms with clinical evidence, we highlight core pathological pathways and critically evaluate the strength of evidence supporting each: hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis dysfunction and insulin resistance (IR), substantiated by clinical data and Mendelian randomization; NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated neuroinflammation as a transdiagnostic inflammatory node; gut-brain axis dysregulation involving bile acid-GLP-1 signaling and gut-derived metabolites such as trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO); and the kynurenine pathway (KP) as a branched metabolite axis with organ-specific consequences. Sex-specific mechanisms, particularly estrogen-regulated neuroendocrine and metabolic pathways, are identified as consistent biological modifiers of this comorbidity. A bidirectional vicious cycle underpins MD-CD comorbidity: metabolic abnormalities exacerbate limbic system dysfunction via HPA-axis hyperactivity, neuroinflammatory cascades, and disrupted gut-brain signaling, while MDs aggravate metabolic dysregulation through neuroendocrine disturbances and reduced treatment adherence.

Indexed as

Cardiovascular DiseasesMetabolic DiseasesMetabolic SyndromeMood DisordersChronic DiseaseComorbidityHumansHypothalamo-Hypophyseal SystemPituitary-Adrenal Systemcardiometabolic diseasechronic somatic diseasescomorbiditygut-brain axismood disorderssex differences

Identifiers

PMID42499648
PMCPMC13397095

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.