Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42499417›Full record

ReviewCureus2026

Developing Three-Dimensional (3D) Skin Models to Study the Interaction Between the Skin Microbiome and Immune Cells in Chronic Wounds.

Laith Basch, Asha Gopu, Hannah Welp, Mahnoor Mukarram, Precious Ochuwa Imokhai, Kim Huynh, Shantanu Amin, Randy Jacobs

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Cureus, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Laith BaschDermatology, Arizona College of Osteopathic Medicine, Midwestern University, Glendale, USA.
Asha GopuDermatology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, USA.
Hannah WelpMedicine, DeBusk College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lincoln Memorial University, Harrogate, USA.
Mahnoor MukarramDermatology, Larkin Community Hospital Palm Springs Campus, Hialeah, USA.
Precious Ochuwa ImokhaiMedicine, Montana College of Osteopathic Medicine, Rocky Vista University, Billings, USA.
Kim HuynhMedicine, Arizona College of Osteopathic Medicine, Midwestern University, Glendale, USA.
Shantanu AminMedicine, Kansas City University, Joplin, USA.
Randy JacobsDermatology, University of California (UCR) School of Medicine, Riverside, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Developing three-dimensional (3D) skin models provides a physiologically relevant platform to investigate the dynamic interactions between the skin microbiome and immune cells in chronic wounds, offering insights into delayed healing, persistent inflammation, and microbial dysbiosis. Traditional in vitro models fail to replicate the complex architecture of human skin and its immune-microbiome crosstalk, motivating the development of biomimetic systems that incorporate stratified epidermal layers, dermal fibroblasts, and innate immune components such as macrophages and neutrophils. Engineered 3D skin constructs inoculated with wound-associated microbiota, including

Indexed as

chronic woundsdelayed wound healingskin microbiomethree-dimensional models­wound healing

Identifiers

PMID42499417
PMCPMC13398911

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.