ArticleRespiratory research2026
Sarcoidosis data-driven patient trajectories and predictors of chronic disease.
Article in Respiratory research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSarcoidosis is a heterogeneous granulomatous disease with an unpredictable course. Population-level evidence describing its long-term trajectories and their prognostic implications remains limited.
methodsWe identified individuals newly diagnosed with sarcoidosis in the Swedish National Patient Register (≥ 2 ICD-coded visits; 2006-2018). Sarcoidosis-related visits over five years were modeled using zero-inflated Poisson finite mixture models to identify trajectories. Baseline demographic and clinical predictors of trajectory membership were assessed with Poisson regression. Associations between trajectories and long-term outcomes were estimated using multivariable Cox regression. Supplementary analyses incorporated clinical, genetic, and physiological data from the Karolinska cohort.
resultsAmong 9665 patients, two distinct trajectories were identified: a resolving trajectory (71.5%) with near-complete remission of sarcoidosis-related visits within two years, and a chronic trajectory (28.5%) with persistently elevated visit rates over five years. Older age modestly increased the risk of chronic disease. The strongest predictor of chronic disease was immunosuppressive treatment around diagnosis (risk ratio 2.18 [95% CI 2.04, 2.33]). Diagnosis in neurology, ophthalmology, or cardiology, uveitis, and hospitalization at diagnosis were also associated with chronicity, whereas diagnosis in rheumatology and dispensation of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were protective. In the Karolinska cohort, Löfgren's syndrome and HLA-DRB1*03 were strongly associated to a resolving course. Chronic sarcoidosis was associated with higher risks of infection, heart failure, diabetes, depression, anxiety, and early death.
conclusionsSarcoidosis follows two long-term trajectories. Clinical phenotype and need of early treatment predict chronicity, which is associated with substantial long-term morbidity and mortality. Early prognostication may support personalized sarcoidosis management.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.