Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42496781›Full record

ArticleBehavior genetics2026

ADHD and Student Grades in Children from the ABCD Study

Luis F S Castro-de-Araujo, Daniel Zhou, Mei-Hsin Su, Sydney Kramer, Robert Loughnan, Michael C Neale

Abstract readTwin Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Behavior genetics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Luis F S Castro-de-AraujoVirginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, P.O. Box 980126, Richmond, VA, 23298-0126, USA. luis.araujo@vcuhealth.org.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0952-5052
Daniel ZhouVirginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, P.O. Box 980126, Richmond, VA, 23298-0126, USA.
Mei-Hsin SuVirginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, P.O. Box 980126, Richmond, VA, 23298-0126, USA.
Sydney KramerVirginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, P.O. Box 980126, Richmond, VA, 23298-0126, USA.
Robert LoughnanPopulation Neuroscience and Genetics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, USA.
Michael C NealeVirginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, P.O. Box 980126, Richmond, VA, 23298-0126, USA.

Funding

Research Training: Psychiatric &Statistical GeneticsT32MH020030 · NIMH · VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIVERSITY · PI HERMINE H MAES, MICHAEL CHURTON NEALE · 1999 to 2026
$6.7M
Extensions of Mendelian Randomization Methodology for Combined Genomic and Methylomic AnalysisR01DA049867 · NIDA · VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIVERSITY · PI NEALE, MICHAEL CHURTON · 2020 to 2024
$1.9M
NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA049867NIMH NIH HHS MH-20030NIMH NIH HHS R01-DA049867NIMH NIH HHS T32 MH020030
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms are strongly associated with lower academic performance, yet the nature of this association remains uncertain. We analyzed data from twins and siblings in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study

Indexed as

Attention Deficit Disorder with HyperactivityAdolescentChildFemaleGenetic Risk ScoreHumansMalePhenotypeSiblingsStudentsTwinsADHDEducational attainmentMR-DoC

Identifiers

PMID42496781
PMCPMC13421242

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.