ArticleThe Lancet regional health. Europe2026
Incidence, survival, and prevalence trends for myocardial infarction, stroke, hip fracture, and cancer across Swedish birth cohorts: a population-based register study.
Article in The Lancet regional health. Europe, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Medical progress reshapes population health through preventing disease onset and improving disease survival. It is unclear which of these forces has advanced and altered the disease landscape more. This study compares age-specific changes in incidence and survival and their influence on prevalence across major diseases. Methods: Using register data covering the total Swedish population from 1994 to 2022 and the birth cohorts 1904 to 1960, we traced first events of myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, hip fracture, and cancer. We analysed incidence rates, one- and five-year survival for ages 60-90. We compared average cohort-to-cohort changes in all measures, and their effect on prevalence at ages 70, 80, and 90 by cohort and sex. Findings: For MI, stroke, and hip fracture, relative improvements in incidence outpaced those in survival at every age. For example, MI incidence among men aged 60 declined on average by 2.0% (SD = 7.0%) every year, resulting in an absolute decrease from 7 (274/37,411; cohort 1934) to 4 (234/54,144; cohort 1960) cases per 1,000 person-years. One-year survival for the same group increased on average by 0.9% (SD = 3.2%) yearly, leading to an absolute increase from 70% (193/274) to 88% (206/234). Prevalence declined for MI, stroke, and hip fracture with the magnitude varying by age group. The largest decrease occurred for MI among women aged 80, where the prevalence declined from 4.5% (1,554 incident cases per 34,676 persons alive; cohort 1924) to 2.7% (1,105/41,122; cohort 1942), corresponding to a relative decrease of -40% during the observation period. Cancer showed increasing incidence, improvements in survival, and increases in prevalence. The largest prevalence increase was observed among women aged 80, where prevalence rose from 8.0% (2,832/35,568; cohort 1922) to 12.5% (4,563/36,609; cohort 1941), corresponding to a relative increase of 57%. Interpretation: Progress against MI, stroke, and hip fracture was strongest before diagnosis (primary prevention), but for cancer, especially evident at or after diagnosis (secondary and tertiary prevention). This pattern reflects a shift in the disease landscape of the Swedish population from severe acute events to chronic conditions. Funding: Not applicable.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.