Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42494478›Full record

ArticleMethodsX2026

An address-based geospatial linkage workflow for assigning New Zealand Index of Deprivation measures across census years, 1991-2023.

Andrzej S Januszewski, Ralph A H Stewart, John R Simes, Anthony C Keech

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in MethodsX, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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3 · Its place in the literature

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0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Andrzej S JanuszewskiSydney Pharmacy School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Australia.
Ralph A H StewartGreen Lane Cardiovascular Service, Auckland City Hospital, and University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
John R SimesNHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Australia.
Anthony C KeechNHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Australia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Assigning area-level socioeconomic measures to street addresses across historical and contemporary census years requires harmonising address, geography and deprivation datasets that change over time. This methods article describes a reproducible workflow and online implementation for assigning New Zealand Index of Socioeconomic Deprivation (NZDep) measures to street addresses for census years 1991-2023. The method integrates public Land Information New Zealand address data, openly licensed postcode boundary polygons, Stats NZ census geographies and University of Otago NZDep datasets into an indexed SQLite lookup database and Shiny address-lookup tool (https://bit.ly/nzdep). Address labels are standardised, address points are spatially linked to year-specific census geographies, and geography identifiers are joined to corresponding NZDep values. Raw NZDep scores are converted to census-year-specific national percentile ranks, allowing relative deprivation position to be expressed on a consistent 1-100 scale across census periods. The workflow supports unit-level address lookup where available and base street-address lookup only where deprivation assignment is unambiguous. The final database contained 2405,589 address records and achieved 99.65% completeness across 16,839,123 potential address-year NZDep assignments.

Indexed as

Address matchingArea-level deprivationGeospatial linkageMeshblockNew Zealand index of socioeconomic deprivationNZDepOnline lookup toolSocioeconomic statusSQLite databaseStatistical area 1

Identifiers

PMID42494478
PMCPMC13393578

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.