Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42493648›Full record

ArticleThe EMBO journal2026

RAD54L coordinates the nucleolar DNA damage response to maintain rDNA stability.

Ruofei Liu, Jiachen Xuan, Carmelo Cerra, Nyree Stojnic, Junqi Pan, Shalini S Chelliah, Shannon Mendez, Rhynelle Dmello, Karla J Cowley, Yangyi Zhang and 8 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The EMBO journal, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors.

Ruofei Liu *St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1626-6041
Jiachen Xuan *Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Carmelo CerraSt Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Nyree StojnicSt Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Junqi PanThe Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Shalini S ChelliahSt Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3980-8560
Shannon MendezSt Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Rhynelle DmelloSt Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Karla J CowleyVictorian Centre for Functional Genomics, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Yangyi ZhangSt Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Kezia GitarejaSt Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3397-7451
Matthew WakefieldThe Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6624-4698
Andrew DeansSt Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5271-4422
Clare L ScottThe Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3689-5956
Keefe T ChanSir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6114-3724
Kaylene J SimpsonSir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9136-1781
Jian KangSt Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Elaine SanijSt Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. esanij@svi.edu.au.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2063-7813

Funding

DHAC | Cancer Australia (2023/PCRS/0251DHAC | National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) 2029800The Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Health Affairs through the Ovarian Cancer Research Program HT9425-24-1-0403
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The nucleolus is organized around actively transcribed ribosomal RNA genes (rDNA), where high RNA polymerase I (Pol I) activity creates intrinsic susceptibility to replication stress and DNA damage. Here, we identify the DNA translocase RAD54L as a critical regulator of the nucleolar DNA damage response (nDDR) to rDNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) and replication stress. We show that RAD54L localizes to the nucleolus under basal conditions and is recruited to nucleolar caps following CRISPR-Cas9-induced rDNA-DSBs to promote repair. RAD54L loss results in persistent RAD51 foci, increased nucleolar γH2AX, and micronuclei formation, indicating defective resolution of rDNA lesions and genome instability. Under baseline conditions and replication stress induced by the Pol I transcription inhibitor CX-5461, RAD54L limits the accumulation of ssDNA and coordinates nDDR signaling. We further show that rDNA-DSBs induce RNA polymerase II-dependent RNA-DNA hybrids (R-loops) at intergenic rDNA regions, which facilitate nucleolar reorganization and cap formation and repair factor recruitment. Together, these findings establish RAD54L as a key regulator that coordinates replication stress response and rDNA repair, maintaining rDNA stability and genome integrity.

Indexed as

Cell NucleolusDNA DamageDNA HelicasesDNA, RibosomalNuclear ProteinsDNA Breaks, Double-StrandedDNA RepairDNA ReplicationGenomic InstabilityHumansRNA Polymerase IDNA HelicasesDNA, RibosomalNuclear ProteinsRNA Polymerase I

Identifiers

PMID42493648
PMCPMC13534639

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.