ArticleInternational journal of surgery open2026
Prevalence of HER2 overexpression in gastric adenocarcinoma and its clinicopathological correlation: a prospective study from Bir Hospital, Nepal.
Article in International journal of surgery open, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Gastric adenocarcinoma remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality in Nepal. Trastuzumab, in the ToGA trial, has been shown to improve overall survival in HER2-overexpressing patients, with overexpression observed in approximately 22.1%. However, population-level data on HER2 status in Nepalese patients are conspicuously lacking, hindering informed clinical decision-making. Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted at Bir Hospital, Kathmandu, from January 2025 to January 2026. Fifty-eight patients with histologically confirmed gastric adenocarcinoma, including Siewert type III gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) tumors, were enrolled consecutively. HER2 expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC). An IHC score of 3+ was classified as positive; scores of 0, 1+, and 2+ were designated as negative. Fluorescence Results: The cohort comprised 58 patients (mean age 61.2 ± 12.54 years; range 25-86), with a male predominance of 70.7%. Tumors were predominantly antro-pyloric (62.1%), poorly differentiated (67.2%), and locally advanced (T3/T4 in 91.4%; stage III/IV in 81.0%). HER2 overexpression (IHC 3+) was detected in six patients (10.3%). A statistically significant association was observed between HER2 positivity and advanced T stage ( Conclusions: HER2 positivity (10.3%) in this Nepalese single-center series is lower than globally reported rates, likely reflecting the predominance of distal, poorly differentiated tumors in this cohort. Multicenter, larger-scale studies are warranted to validate these findings and refine HER2's prognostic and predictive role in the Nepalese population.
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