ReviewFrontiers in immunology2026
Multi-omics integration in autoimmune encephalitis: from novel biomarker discovery to precision therapeutic strategies.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Autoimmune encephalitis (AE) represents a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by immune-mediated attacks on neuronal antigens within the central nervous system (CNS), leading to diverse clinical manifestations and posing significant challenges in diagnosis and treatment. Recent advances in multi-omics technologies-including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and immunomics-are beginning to provide unprecedented opportunities to unravel the complex immunopathophysiology of AE at a systems level. This review critically examines the application of integrated multi-omics approaches in AE research, with particular emphasis on immunological mechanisms underlying disease pathogenesis. We focus on: (i) the identification of potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers with rigorous validation frameworks; (ii) the elucidation of molecular heterogeneity underlying clinical variability, including B-cell clonal expansion, small-cohort evidence for T follicular helper (Tfh) expansion with inferred T follicular regulatory (Tfr) imbalance, and cytotoxic CD8+ T-cell-mediated neuronal injury in paraneoplastic/intracellular-antigen contexts; (iii) the conceptual development of precision medicine strategies tailored to individual immunophenotypic profiles; and (iv) the critical appraisal of current evidence quality and methodological limitations. By synthesizing current findings, this article aims to establish a comprehensive immunological framework that supports the future advancement of personalized therapeutic interventions. The integration of multi-omics data offers a promising conceptual lens through which to understand the intricate immune-neuronal interactions driving AE, though substantial challenges in data standardization, clinical validation, and implementation remain to be addressed.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.