ReviewFrontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology2026
Biomimetic gradient hydrogels for osteochondral regeneration: from multi-dimensional design to clinical translation.
Review in Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Innovative Hydroxyapatite-Hydrogel Composites for Cartilage Regeneration.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Advances in Injectable miRNA-Loaded Nanocomposite Hydrogel Systems for Cartilage Repair in KOA.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Osteochondral defects represent a significant clinical challenge due to the complex, graded architecture of the osteochondral unit and the limited regenerative capacity of articular cartilage. Gradient hydrogels have emerged as a promising class of biomimetic scaffolds that replicate the continuous transitions in structure, mechanics, composition, and biochemistry spanning from cartilage to subchondral bone. This review comprehensively examines recent advances in gradient hydrogel design for osteochondral regeneration. We discuss fundamental design principles encompassing structural porosity gradients, mechanical stiffness gradients (kPa-to-GPa transitions), compositional mineral gradients, and biochemical growth factor gradients, as well as their multi-dimensional integration. Fabrication strategies-including layer-by-layer assembly, 3D bioprinting, microfluidic generation, diffusion-based methods, and injectable
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Registered trials
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