Untargeted metabolomic profiling of hydrosalpinx fluid: a descriptive analysis with pelvic fluid as external reference.

Introduction: Hydrosalpinx is one of the common organic causes of infertility, and the accumulation of fluid in this condition can severely affect embryo implantation and development. Material and methods: We collected fallopian tube fluid from 10 patients with hydrosalpinx and normal pelvic fluid from 10 infertile women undergoing tubal patency testing as an external reference for untargeted metabolomics analysis. Metabolites were annotated using the KEGG and HMDB databases, and key metabolic disorder pathways were identified. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was then employed to screen for hub metabolites closely associated with disease status. Results: The results showed that a total of 660 significantly different metabolites were identified, of which 209 were upregulated and 451 were downregulated. Enrichment analysis indicated that these metabolites were mainly involved in the Biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, Efferocytosis, Arachidonic acid metabolism, Tryptophan metabolism, etc. WGCNA further identified several core metabolites, including 5-[1-Carboxy-2-(Trimethylazaniumyl) Ethoxy]-5-Oxopentanoate, D-Dopachrome, etc. Conclusions: Compared with pelvic fluid, the metabolic profile of hydrosalpinx shows differences in lipid and amino acid metabolism, including differences in unsaturated fatty acid Biosynthesis, apoptotic cell clearance, arachidonic acid metabolic pathways, and tryptophan metabolism.