ArticleVeterinary medicine and science2026
Antimicrobial Resistance in Escherichia coli From Diagnostic Fecal and Uterine Samples of Swine in Northern Vietnam.
Article in Veterinary medicine and science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundAntimicrobial resistance (AMR) in swine poses a threat to animal health and food safety. Escherichia coli is commonly used as an indicator organism for AMR surveillance; however, comparative data across anatomical sites in swine remain limited in countries with intensive antimicrobial use, such as Vietnam.
objectivesThis study aims to characterize phenotypic AMR and multidrug resistance (MDR) in E. coli isolated from faecal and uterine samples of swine in Northern Vietnam and to compare AMR patterns between sample types and across seasons.
methodsSamples submitted to a veterinary diagnostic laboratory in Northern Vietnam between February 2023 and November 2024 were cultured for E. coli. Isolates were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. The tested antimicrobials represented five major classes: β-lactams, aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines, and folate-pathway inhibitors. Descriptive analyses and logistic regression models assessed AMR and MDR profiles and associations with sample type and season.
resultsA total of 211 E. coli isolates (96 faecal and 115 uterine) were identified. High resistance was observed to ampicillin (96.7%), tetracycline (95.7%), gentamicin (80.1%), sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (80.1%), and enrofloxacin (73.5%). Significantly higher odds of AMR were observed in faecal isolates for ceftiofur, enrofloxacin, norfloxacin, and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (odds ratios: 1.38-4.62). Higher odds of resistance to ceftiofur and gentamicin were observed during the winter months.
conclusionsHigh AMR was observed in E. coli from swine in Northern Vietnam, with faecal isolates having a significantly higher resistance than uterine isolates, likely reflecting selection pressure in the intestinal tract or differences between commensal and extraintestinal E. coli populations.
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