ArticleEnvironmental epidemiology (Philadelphia, Pa.)2026
Associations of prenatal metal exposures with autism-related outcomes in the ECHO cohort.
Pi-I Debby Lin, Andres Cardenas, Kristen Lyall, Deborah Bilder, Debra A Mackenzie, Sara Nozadi, Brandon J Rennie, Rebecca Schmidt, Heather Volk, Aisha S Dickerson and 1 more
Abstract read
In one paragraphArticle in Environmental epidemiology (Philadelphia, Pa.), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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What it found
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2 · The registryThe trial behind it
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3 · Its place in the literatureWho cites it
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4 · The recordCorrections and comments
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5 · Who and what moneyAuthors and funding
11 authors.
Pi-I Debby LinDivision of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3564-4255 Andres CardenasDepartment of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University, Stanford, California.
Kristen LyallDrexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Deborah BilderDepartment of Psychiatry, Division of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.
Debra A MackenzieUniversity of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico.
Sara NozadiUniversity of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico.
Brandon J RennieUniversity of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico.
Rebecca SchmidtDepartment of Public Health Sciences and the MIND Institute, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Davis, California.
Heather VolkDepartment of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland.
Aisha S DickersonDepartment of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland.
Emily OkenDivision of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.
Funding
Project-005U2COD023375 · OD · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI Linda S Adair, Phillip Brian Smith · 2016 to 2026
$215.9MECHODAC (Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcomes Data Analysis Center)U24OD023382 · OD · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI Diane J Catellier, LISA P JACOBSON · 2016 to 2026
$148.4MThe ECHO Measurement Core: A Framework and Resource for Assessing Environmental Exposure and Child HealthU24OD023319 · OD · NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO · PI Courtney K Blackwell, RICHARD GERSHON · 2016 to 2026
$43.7MPrenatal and Early Childhood Pathways To Health: An Integrated Model of Chemical and Social Exposures, Biological Mechanisms, and Sex-Specific Effects on Neurodevelopment and Respiratory OutcomesUH3OD023271 · OD · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI BUSH, NICOLE RENEE, KARR, CATHERINE J · 2018 to 2022
$37.3MECHO Laboratory Core at Vanderbilt for Integrated Sample Biobanking and ProcessingU24OD035523 · OD · VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER · PI Suman Ranjan Das, NATASHA Bassam HALASA · 2023 to 2026
$32.8MLifecourse Approach to Developmental Repercussions of Environmental Agents on Metabolic and Respiratory Health (LA DREAMERs)UH3OD023287 · OD · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI BASTAIN, THERESA M, BRETON, CARRIE VAN DOREN · 2018 to 2022
$28.4MStatistical Services and Methods Development ResourceU2CES026555 · NIEHS · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · PI GENNINGS, CHRIS · 2015 to 2025
$26.4MUntargeted Analysis ResourceU2CES026561 · NIEHS · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · PI WRIGHT, ROBERT O · 2015 to 2025
$24.5MEarly Life Stress and the Environmental Origins of Disease: a Population-based Prospective Longitudinal Study of Children in Rural Poverty (ECHO)UH3OD023332 · OD · NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE · PI KOPP, LISA MICHELLE, SWINGLER, MARGARET M. · 2018 to 2022
$22.7MENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCES ON NEURODEVELOPMENTAL OUTCOME IN INFANTS BORN VERY PRETERMUH3OD023347 · OD · WOMEN AND INFANTS HOSPITAL-RHODE ISLAND · PI LESTER, BARRY M., MARSIT, CARMEN JOSEPH · 2018 to 2022
$18.4MBREAKING THE CYCLE OF INTERGENERATIONAL DISADVANTAGE: NEURODEVELOPMENT AMONG PUERTO RICAN CHILDREN.UH3OD023328 · OD · NEW YORK STATE PSYCHIATRIC INSTITUTE DBA RESEARCH FOUNDATION FOR MENTAL HYGIENE, INC · PI CANINO, GLORISA J, DUARTE, CRISTIANE S. · 2018 to 2022
$18.3MWadsworth Center's Human Health and Exposure Analysis Resource (WC-HHEAR)U2CES026542 · NIEHS · WADSWORTH CENTER · PI KANNAN, KURUNTHACHALAM, KANNAN, KURUNTHACHALAM · 2015 to 2025
$15.6MNIEHS NIH HHS U24 ES026539NIEHS NIH HHS U2C ES026533NIEHS NIH HHS U2C ES026542NIEHS NIH HHS U2C ES026555NIEHS NIH HHS U2C ES026561NIEHS NIH HHS U2C ES030851NIEHS NIH HHS U2C ES030857NIEHS NIH HHS U2C ES030859NIH HHS U24 OD023319NIH HHS U24 OD023382NIH HHS U24 OD035523NIH HHS U2C OD023375NIH HHS UG3 OD035508NIH HHS UG3 OD035509NIH HHS UG3 OD035513NIH HHS UG3 OD035516NIH HHS UG3 OD035517NIH HHS UG3 OD035518NIH HHS UG3 OD035519NIH HHS UG3 OD035521NIH HHS UG3 OD035526NIH HHS UG3 OD035527NIH HHS UG3 OD035528NIH HHS UG3 OD035529NIH HHS UG3 OD035532NIH HHS UG3 OD035533NIH HHS UG3 OD035536NIH HHS UG3 OD035537NIH HHS UG3 OD035540NIH HHS UG3 OD035542NIH HHS UG3 OD035543NIH HHS UG3 OD035544NIH HHS UG3 OD035546NIH HHS UG3 OD035550NIH HHS UH3 OD023268NIH HHS UH3 OD023271NIH HHS UH3 OD023286NIH HHS UH3 OD023287NIH HHS UH3 OD023318NIH HHS UH3 OD023320NIH HHS UH3 OD023328NIH HHS UH3 OD023332NIH HHS UH3 OD023347NIH HHS UH3 OD035533
6 · The paper itselfAbstract
Background: Metal exposures adversely impact prenatal neurodevelopment; however, their associations with child autism spectrum disorder (ASD) remain unclear. Methods: In the Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcomes Cohort, we analyzed prenatal blood (N = 479) and urinary (N = 482) metal concentrations in relation to Social Responsiveness Scale-Second Edition (SRS-2) total T-scores, SRS-2 subscale T-scores, and ASD diagnosis. Associations were examined using linear and logistic regression for individual metals and Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression for mixtures, adjusting for covariates. Results: Interquartile range increases in maternal blood lead and mercury were associated with higher SRS-2 total T-scores (lead: β = 0.11, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.03, 0.18; mercury: β = 0.19, 95% CI = 0.01, 0.37), and maternal blood cadmium was associated with higher odds of ASD diagnosis (OR = 2.42, 95% CI = 1.16, 5.03). Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression revealed joint effects of blood metal mixtures (arsenic, cadmium, mercury, and lead) on social awareness and cognition. Blood cadmium correlated with social awareness in females (raw score: β = 0.85, 95% CI = 0.09, 1.61) versus males ( Conclusions: Future research should prioritize metal speciation, larger samples, and mechanistic studies to clarify sex-specific pathways.
Indexed as
Autism spectrum disorderEnvironmental exposureMetalsNeurodevelopmentPregnancy
Identifiers
PMID42488194
PMCPMC13391140
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