ArticleFrontiers in public health2026
Social support and medication adherence in type 2 diabetes: unraveling the sequential mediating pathways of empowerment and health literacy.
Article in Frontiers in public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objective: Medication adherence is critical for effective blood glucose control and reducing complication risks in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). However, improving it remains challenging in clinical practice and disease management. This study examined the relationships among social support, empowerment, health literacy, and medication adherence in T2DM patients to explore the multi-path associations underlying medication adherence. Methods: Social support, empowerment, health literacy, and medication adherence constituted the theoretical model. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using convenience sampling at a Grade III Class A hospital in Guiyang City, China. Univariate analyses were performed using nonparametric rank-sum tests. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was applied to test the hypothesized model, and a bootstrap was performed to examine mediation effects. Results: A total of 261 T2DM patients were included, with a median medication adherence score of 6.75 (IQR 4.50, 7.63), indicating moderate adherence on the MMAS-8. In univariate analysis, educational level showed the strongest association with medication adherence (H = 67.452, Conclusion: In this hospitalized sample of Chinese T2DM patients, empowerment and health literacy sequentially mediated the association between social support and medication adherence. These findings suggest that social support and health literacy may be relevant targets for future intervention research, although longitudinal studies are needed to establish their temporal and causal roles.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.