Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42487736›Full record

Articlenpj digital public health2026

Chatbot-based health interventions in low- and middle-income countries: effective access, early attrition, and design strategies from a mixed-methods study.

Max C Klapow, Paula Zinser, Chiara Facciola, Qing Han, Maria da Graça Ambrósio, Francisco Antonio Calderón Alfaro, Bernice Mamauag, Jennel Reyes, Camille Habacon, Liane Peña Alampay and 8 more

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Article in npj digital public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors.

Max C KlapowDepartment of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Paula ZinserDepartment of Social Policy and Intervention, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Chiara FacciolaIDEMS International, London, UK.
Qing HanInstitute of Population Research, Peking University, Beijing, China.
Maria da Graça AmbrósioDepartment of Social Policy and Intervention, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Francisco Antonio Calderón AlfaroDepartment of Social Policy and Intervention, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Bernice MamauagUniversity of the Philippines Visayas, Miagao, Philippines.
Jennel ReyesAteneo de Manila University, Quezon City, Philippines.
Camille HabaconAteneo de Manila University, Quezon City, Philippines.
Liane Peña AlampayAteneo de Manila University, Quezon City, Philippines.
Samantha Erika MendezUniversity of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines.
Rumaya Binti JuhariUniversiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia.
Zainal MadonUniversiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia.
Farah Zeehan Mohd NadzriUniversiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia.
Moa SchaferDepartment of Social Policy and Intervention, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Lily ClementsIDEMS International, London, UK.
David SternIDEMS International, London, UK.
Jamie M LachmanDepartment of Social Policy and Intervention, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Equity in digital health is commonly assessed through enrolment and coverage. For interventions requiring sustained participation, enrolment can substantially overstate access. We report a convergent mixed-methods optimisation study of a chatbot-based behaviour change intervention for caregivers (ParentText) delivered via WhatsApp and Facebook Messenger across three low- and middle-income countries: Jamaica, Malaysia, and the Philippines (

Indexed as

Health careMedical researchScientific community

Identifiers

PMID42487736
PMCPMC13388102

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.