SynthesisSpecial care in dentistry : official publication of the American Association of Hospital Dentists, the Academy of Dentistry for the Handicapped, and the American Society for Geriatric Dentistry
Effectiveness of Audio and Audio-Visual Distraction on Dental Anxiety of Children and Adolescents with Intellectual Disability- Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Synthesis in Special care in dentistry : official publication of the American Association of Hospital Dentists, the Academy of Dentistry for the Handicapped, and the American Society for Geriatric Dentistry. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectiveThis systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the effectiveness of audio and audio-visual (AV) distraction techniques on dental anxiety in children and adolescents with intellectual disability (ID).
methodsA thorough search was conducted up to December 2025 following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines by two independent researchers in seven databases, supplemented by hand search and grey literature search. Data extraction was performed using predetermined criteria. Risk of bias of selected studies was assessed using Cochrane collaboration's risk of bias tool for randomized trials (RoB2) and risk of bias in non-randomized studies of interventions, version 2 (ROBINS-I V2). Meta analysis of included studies was performed using pooled odds ratio and its corresponding 95% confidence intervals.
resultsOut of 1622 total studies identified, twelve studies were included. Nine studies were included in the meta-analysis. Audio-visual distraction generally showed improvements in children's behavior and physiological responses. Statistically significant values were observed in electrodermal activity and Venham's behavior rating scale.
conclusionAudio-visual distraction may help to reduce dental anxiety in children with intellectual disability. However, there is inconsistent evidence, and further well-designed studies need to be conducted to establish their effectiveness more clearly.
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