ArticlePloS one2026
Evaluation of analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of the root extract of Grewia schweinfurthii Burret and its major chemical constituents.
Article in PloS one, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Despite the widespread use of conventional analgesic and anti-inflammatory drugs, their clinical utility is often limited by adverse effects, necessitating the search for safer alternatives from medicinal plants. This study investigated the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of the 80% methanolic root extract of Grewia schweinfurthii Burret and an isolated bioactive compound using established rodent models. Air-dried roots were extracted by maceration with 80% methanol, and acute oral toxicity was evaluated following OECD guidelines. Analgesic activity was assessed using the acetic acid-induced writhing and hot plate models in mice, while anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using carrageenan-induced paw edema in rats. A bioactive compound, 4 (2"-(4'-isopropylphenyl) propan-2"-yl)-2,3-dihydrofuran, was isolated via column chromatography and tested for anti-inflammatory activity. In the writhing test, the extract produced significant (p < 0.001) dose-dependent inhibition of abdominal constrictions, with 13.90%, 56.81%, and 75.48% inhibition at 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg, respectively, compared to 80.77% inhibition by aspirin (150 mg/kg). In the hot plate model, the 400 mg/kg dose significantly prolonged latency time from a baseline of 5.67 ± 0.33 s to 9.17 ± 1.01 s at 120 min (p < 0.05), indicating central analgesic activity. In the carrageenan-induced paw edema model, the extract demonstrated marked anti-inflammatory effects, with 93% inhibition at 400 mg/kg at the 5th hour, comparable to indomethacin (95% inhibition). The isolated compound exhibited significant dose-dependent anti-inflammatory activity, achieving 75% inhibition at 40 mg/kg at 5 hours (p < 0.001). Overall, the findings demonstrate that G. schweinfurthii root extract and its isolated compound possess significant peripheral and central analgesic as well as potent anti-inflammatory activities, supporting the plant's traditional use; however, further mechanistic, toxicological, and pharmacokinetic studies are required before clinical relevance can be established.
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