ArticleMolecular biology reports2026
Differential resistance of heat shock proteins (HSP70 and HSP90) in Anopheles culicifacies mosquitoes with respect to variations in temperature in India.
Article in Molecular biology reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundOdisha, formerly known as Orissa, is a state on India's eastern coast along the Bay of Bengal. Odisha remains relatively less well known internationally, yet it plays a crucial role in public health and environmental research, particularly in vector-borne disease surveillance and climate vulnerability studies. Odisha experiences extreme temperatures, and Anopheles culicifacies mosquitoes are known vectors of malaria. In response to heat stress, mosquitoes express multiple heat shock proteins (HSPs), which can modify their gene expression.
methodsTo investigate HSP expression in mosquitoes, we exposed laboratory-reared mosquitoes to heat shock at various durations and temperatures to assess how the HSP gene contributes to heat resistance. Insectary-reared female An. culicifacies served as controls. We quantified the expression of Hsp70 and Hsp90 using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), comparing relative transcript expression levels with insectary-reared controls via the 2-ΔΔCt method.
resultsThe mean expression levels of the Hsp70 and Hsp90 genes were 3.75 ± 3.60 and 1.28 ± 1.09-fold, respectively, compared to the reference gene (actin). Relative Hsp70 expression levels were ten times higher than those of Hsp90. Statistical analysis revealed that the Hsp70 and Hsp90 genes were significantly upregulated at 40 °C and 42 °C after 1 h and 0.5-hour exposures, respectively.
conclusionHSPs can serve as an important biomarker and may play a crucial role in protecting and enhancing the survival of An. culicifacies in the extreme temperatures of Odisha.
Indexed as
Identifiers
42484746What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.