ArticleFrontiers in veterinary science2026
Optimizing ovulation synchronization in Holstein heifers: implementing a half-dose GnRH analogue (Buserelin Acetate) in a nanofabricated form within the ovsynch protocol to enhance the ovarian activity and reproductive performance outcomes.
Article in Frontiers in veterinary science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Introduction: The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a nanofabricated formulation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogue, buserelin acetate (GnRH-BA), conjugated with chitosan nanoparticles (CH-NPs) as a nanocarrier. The resulting nano-GnRH-BA formulation was incorporated into the Ovsynch (OVS) protocol at a 50% reduced dose to improve ovulation synchronization and reproductive performance in dairy heifers. Methods: CH-NPs and nano-GnRH-BA were synthesized via the ionic gelation method. Key characteristics, including particle shape, size, Polydispersity Index (PdI), and drug-loading efficiency (DLE%), were evaluated. A total of 210 Holstein-Friesian heifers were assigned to either a standard OVS ( Results: Baseline ovarian activity (day 0) was similar between groups. By day 9, heifers subjected to nano-OVS exhibited improved follicular development, with larger preovulatory follicles (18.9 ± 1.4 mm) than those subjected to the standard OVS group (16.8 ± 1.3 mm; Discussion: Nanofabrication of GnRH may enhance hormone stability and enable sustained release, thereby improving ovulation synchronization and luteal development. Conclusion: Overall, the nano-GnRH-BA formulation within the OVS protocol resulted in a 50% reduction without compromising fertility, while also improving ovarian function and reducing PL in dairy heifers. This approach may represent a promising alternative to conventional synchronization strategies.
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