ArticleFrontiers in endocrinology2026
Accumulation of embryos to improve outcomes in advanced-age women undergoing IVF/ICSI cycles: a retrospective cohort study.
Article in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Objective: To investigate the effect of the embryo accumulation strategy prior to embryo transfer on reproductive outcomes among advanced-age women undergoing IVF/ICSI treatment. Methods: This retrospective study included 970 advanced-age female patients undergoing Results: After PSM, the biochemical pregnancy rate, CLBR and CCPR in the embryo accumulation group were all significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.001). However, no statistically significant difference was observed in the miscarriage rate between the two groups (P = 0.583). Binary logistic regression analysis based on the fully adjusted model (Adjust II) demonstrated that embryo accumulation was correlated with increased CLBR (OR = 2.75, 95% CI: 1.87-4.05, P < 0.001) and CCPR (OR = 2.71, 95% CI: 1.87-3.92, P < 0.001). Smooth curve fitting and threshold effect analysis were performed within the embryo accumulation group. CLBR and CCPR increased with the rise in cumulative embryo number when the cumulative embryo number was ≤ 2 (OR = 3.11, 95% CI: 1.27-8.50, P = 0.0181; OR = 3.59, 95% CI: 1.47-9.74, P = 0.0073). When the cumulative embryo number was > 2, CLBR and CCPR still presented a mild upward trend, but such trends did not reach statistical significance (OR = 1.06, 95% CI: 0.91-1.23, P = 0.4216; OR = 1.11, 95% CI: 0.97-1.29, P = 0.1326). Conclusions: Among advanced-age women receiving IVF/ICSI treatment, embryo accumulation via consecutive stimulation cycles can significantly improve CLBR and CCPR, and the clinical benefits are prominent when the number of accumulated embryos does not exceed two. This strategy effectively optimizes reproductive outcomes for advanced patients undergoing assisted reproductive technology (ART). Nevertheless, due to the limitations of this retrospective study and unadjusted confounding factors, embryo quantity should not be the sole basis for clinical decisions. Individualized treatment strategies shall be developed based on a comprehensive assessment of patients' age, physical status and economic conditions.
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