ArticleFrontiers in neuroscience2026
Development of a transformation model to analyze horizontal saccadic velocity using electrooculography: a pilot feasibility study.
Article in Frontiers in neuroscience, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Introduction: Saccadic eye movements are established biomarkers in neuroscience and clinical neurology, with video-oculography (VOG) serving as the gold standard for measurement. However, the high cost, bulky equipment, and poor portability of VOG systems restrict their clinical utility. Electrooculography (EOG) provides a practical alternative, but quantitative conversion of EOG-derived measurements into VOG-equivalent values remains insufficiently established. This study aimed to develop and validate a mathematically derived transformation model for estimating VOG-equivalent horizontal saccadic velocities from EOG recordings. Methods: Four healthy adults underwent simultaneous EOG and VOG recordings while performing controlled horizontal gaze shifts. Based on a current-source model of the corneal potential, an analytical relationship between EOG voltage velocity and angular eye velocity was derived. Multiple high-pass filter settings were systematically evaluated to identify optimal signal-processing conditions. Transformation equations were derived from the pooled horizontal-saccade dataset and further evaluated using leave-one-subject-out (LOSO) analysis. Results: The theoretical model predicted a linear relationship between EOG- and VOG-derived saccadic velocities. Among the tested filter settings, a 0.3 Hz high-pass combined with a 35 Hz low-pass filter yielded the best overall agreement. Under this condition, the final transformation model produced a common slope coefficient of 0.146 °/μV for both movement directions, with an additional direction-specific intercept of -82.37 °/s for rightward saccades. Converted EOG-derived velocities showed no significant differences from measured VOG-derived velocities. LOSO validation demonstrated stable transformation coefficients (mean slope = 0.147 °/μV, mean intercept = -82.47 °/s) and maintained agreement across individuals. Conclusion: A biophysically derived and experimentally validated EOG-to-VOG transformation model can provide accurate estimates of horizontal saccadic velocity under appropriate filtering conditions. These findings support the feasibility of quantitative saccadic analysis using EOG, providing a practical alternative to VOG.
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