ArticleInternational journal of occupational medicine and environmental health2026
Teens and social media: determinants of problematic social media use among adolescents in Poland - risk and protective factors.
Article in International journal of occupational medicine and environmental health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectivesThe study aimed to investigate the determinants of problematic social media use (PSMU) among Polish adolescents by accounting for time spent on social media, sociodemographic characteristics, individual resources, social environment, and health factors, and to compare the findings with previous research. MATERIAL AND
methodsA cross-sectional, anonymous, online survey was conducted in 2024. The study was performed among adolescents in the Lubuskie Voivodeship, Poland and included 9073 students aged 12-19 years (mean [M] ± standard deviation [SD] 15.16±1.56 years). Problematic social media use was assessed using the 9-item
resultsProblematic social media use was identified in 12.7% of participants. Higher PSMU was observed among younger adolescents. The strongest predictor was the time spent on social media >5 h/day. Poorer health and well-being - including multiple psychosomatic complaints, lower well-being, and higher school stress - were strongly associated with PSMU. Lower future orientation, low health literacy, and poorer relationships with parents increased the likelihood of PSMU, whereas older age, higher future orientation, and supportive parent relationships decreased.
conclusionsMultiple factors influenced PSMU among adolescents, although the overall model fit remained modest. Boys were more likely to experience PSMU, representing a novel observation. Higher future orientation, supportive relationships with parents, and older age were key protective factors. A non-linear relationship was found between PSMU and peer support as well as school climate. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2026;39(3):313-32.
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