ArticleBMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation2026
Predictors of physical and mental health in youth with disabilities: the role of Paralympic sport participation.
Article in BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectiveThis study aimed to examine the predictors of physical and mental health in a large sample of young people with disabilities.
methodsA total of 1,134 participants (mean age: 17.46 years; standard deviation: 3.71) completed the SF-12 questionnaire, which provides physical (PCS) and mental (MCS) health scores. Participants were categorized based on their Paralympic participation (individual, team, or non-athlete), disability type, geographical region, and residential context. Multivariate linear regression models were used to identify independent predictors of PCS and MCS scores while controlling for relevant covariates.
resultsPCS scores were higher in participants of individual (46.5) and team (47.6) sports than in non-athletes (39.3; p < 0.001), with no significant differences between the athlete groups (p = 0.324). Similarly, MCS scores were higher in participants in both individual (48.9) and team (48.8) sports than in non-athletes (34.3; p < 0.001), with no significant differences between sport types (p = 0.999). The PCS model (R² = 0.172) identified the following positive predictors: residence in Northern or Southern Europe (p = 0.001 and p = 0.020, respectively); participation in sports activities (p < 0.001); living in rural areas (p = 0.016); and presence of an intellectual disability (p = 0.003). A negative predictive factor was the presence of a neurological disability (p < 0.001). The MCS model (R² = 0.348) identified southern European origin (p = 0.014), participation in sports activities (p < 0.001) and intellectual disability (p = 0.037) as positive predictors, while advanced age (p = 0.025) and acquired disability (p < 0.001) were identified as negative predictors.
conclusionParalympic sport was the strongest predictor of better physical and mental health, followed by geographical origin, age, disability type and residential setting.
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