ArticleScientific reports2026
Assessing conventionally bred lentil (Lens culinaris Medik) cultivars for adaptation to organic cropping systems in the southeastern USA.
Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
The increasing demand for organic plant-based protein calls for research aimed at adapting new specialty cash crops for winter production instead of leaving farmland fallow or using cover crops. Organic breeding programs for lentil (Lens culinaris Medik) are limited globally, and conventionally bred lentil cultivars are not well-adapted to organic systems. Lentil is a rich dietary source of protein and prebiotic carbohydrates, supporting human gut health. This study determined the grain yield, 100-seed weight (TSW), and nutritional quality traits of nine conventionally bred lentil cultivars grown in two USDA-certified organic on-farm locations in South Carolina (SC), USA, over 2 years. Grain yields ranged from 330 to 541 kg/ha with no significant difference between cultivars; these values are 18 to 34% of those reported for non-organic production. The low grain yields likely reflect poor adaptation of these conventionally bred cultivars to organic production conditions, compounded by mechanical harvesting limitations. Average days to flower (DF; 80 to 89 days) and days to mature (DM; 114-116 days) were both longer than reported values. Protein content ranged from 14.3 to 30.1 g/100 g, with 0.05-0.22 g/100 g of sulfur-containing amino acids (SAAs) and 85-91% protein digestibility. Total known prebiotic carbohydrates ranged from 1.9 to 10.9 g/100 g with 45-57 g/100 g total starch. Cultivars significantly varied in terms of TSW, protein, several prebiotic carbohydrates, and minerals (Ca, Mg, Zn). Lentil cultivar "Avondale" had significantly higher protein, TSW, two simple sugars, and verbascose + kestose than the other cultivars tested, which would be slightly better for organic adaptation. These results provide insights required to establish a lentil breeding pipeline under organic conditions. Germplasm selection from a large lentil diversity panel, sourced by location, would enable the development of biofortified, high-yielding lentil cultivars for organic production.
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