ArticleJournal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute2026
Disclosure of gynecological cancer diagnosis: a mixed-methods study from an Islamic cultural context.
Article in Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundDelivering devastating news of cancer is a universal challenge, but cultural and religious contexts impact disclosure. In Saudi Arabia, family engagement frequently influences communication, yet little is known about stakeholders' perspectives on gynecological cancer.
methodsThis mixed-methods study used validated questionnaires and semi-structured interviews.
resultsA total of 737 participants were included (54.1% public, 18.5% physicians, 16.0% relatives, and 11.4% patients); the majority were female (67.8%) and Saudi citizens (81.9%), with a median age of 38 years.
resultsOverall, 90.5% of participants preferred that a cancer diagnosis be disclosed to the patient rather than withheld. However, only 25-36% supported disclosing a bad prognosis, with physicians being the least supportive (6.7%, p < 0.0001). Most groups supported the use of the term "chemotherapy" (88-98%). 94% of clinicians favored disclosing treatment failure, but only 61% of patients and 53% of the public agreed (p < 0.0001). More than half of patients (51.5%) and three-quarters of clinicians (73.1%) were opposed to concealing diagnoses at the request of the family. Patients greatly preferred engagement in treatment (66.3%) and end-of-life talks (80.7%), whereas physicians showed less support. In terms of communication dynamics, most patients preferred that the head of the medical team disclose directly to them, face-to-face, and framed with "Allah's will."
conclusionsAlthough patients, family, the public, and clinicians mostly supported direct disclosure, there were still disagreements over prognosis and end-of-life talks. These findings emphasize the importance of culturally sensitive, ethically based communication training to enhance patient-centered treatment in gynecological oncology.
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