Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42479079›Full record

ArticleJournal of autism and developmental disorders2026

Access to Autism Behavioral Therapy Services: An Analysis of 2022-2023 National Survey of Children's Health Data.

Alexandra Lauren Wicker, Vincent Sutherland, Ellie Paez, Veronica Underwood Carrasco, Katharine Zuckerman, Olivia Lindly

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Article in Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Alexandra Lauren WickerDepartment of Bioethics and Disparities, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ, USA. alexlwicker@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0005-8824-5241
Vincent SutherlandDepartment of Health Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA.
Ellie PaezDepartment of Health Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA.
Veronica Underwood CarrascoEpidemiology MPH, Oregon Health & Science University-Portland State University School of Public Health, Portland, OR, USA.
Katharine ZuckermanDivision of General Pediatrics, Doernbecher Children's Hospital, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
Olivia LindlyDepartment of Health Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA.

Funding

Addressing Structural Disparities in Autism Spectrum Disorder through Analysis of Secondary Data (ASD3)R01MH134177 · NIMH · OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY · PI Olivia J Lindly, Katharine Elizabeth Zuckerman · 2023 to 2026
$3.3M
NIMH NIH HHS R01MH134177
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeChildren with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) frequently face barriers to accessing care. While prior research has explored general disparities in healthcare utilization, few studies have specifically examined barriers to behavioral therapy, a key recommended intervention for ASD. This study aimed to identify factors associated with access to behavioral therapy for children with ASD.

methodsWe analyzed data from the 2022-2023 National Survey of Children's Health. Our outcome was reported access to behavioral therapy among children with ASD, which we explored across child age, sex, race/ethnicity, poverty level, rurality, insurance type, parent household language, and parent education level. Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were initially used to assess associations between these variables and therapy access. We then fit a logistic regression model to estimate independent predictors.

resultsRural residence and having a caregiver with less than a high school education were both significantly associated with lower rates of behavioral therapy use. Insurance status was also crucial: children with public insurance or both public and private coverage had over three times the odds of accessing therapy compared to uninsured children.

conclusionDisparities in behavioral therapy access persist for children with ASD, particularly in rural and lower-education households. Strategies such as expanding telehealth delivery, increasing insurance outreach, and funding family navigation services may help reduce these gaps, requiring collaboration between policymakers and providers.

Indexed as

AutismBehavioral therapyHealth care accessParent educationRural health

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.