Trial reportEuropean journal of applied physiology2026
Skeletal muscle twitch relaxation kinetics following heat stress endurance: carbohydrate versus placebo.
Trial report in European journal of applied physiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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3 authors.
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Abstract
purposeTo compare post-exercise twitch contractile properties and M-wave characteristics after 60-km self-paced cycling in the heat following placebo (PLA) or 6% carbohydrate (CHO) ingestion as beverages or capsules.
methodsTen well-trained male cyclists completed five randomised Latin-square trials: water (H₂O), CHO beverage (CHO
resultsPerformance time (p = 0.336) and time to task failure (p = 0.394) did not differ between conditions. iEMG increased during the 20% MVC in all trials (all p < 0.0001). There were no condition × time interactions for MVC, VA, M-wave amplitude (all p ≥ 0.335), or twitch contractile variables (all p ≥ 0.115). Time effects were observed for rate of relaxation, which decreased in all trials (p = 0.0302 to p = 0.000239), contraction duration, which increased in all trials (p = 0.0412 to p = 0.000091), and half-relaxation time, which increased in H₂O, PLA
conclusionsProlonged self-paced cycling in the heat produced a reproducible neuromuscular response dominated by slowed twitch relaxation. However, 6% CHO ingestion did not clearly attenuate these changes compared with PLA, suggesting that the principal impairment reflected exercise and heat load rather than CHO availability or delivery mode.
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