ArticleBMC musculoskeletal disorders2026
Early histological advantage of CD271-positive adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells isolated from the infrapatellar fat pad in experimental knee osteoarthritis.
Article in BMC musculoskeletal disorders, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundMesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been increasingly explored as a minimally invasive treatment for osteoarthritis (OA), primarily due to their anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and analgesic properties. However, MSC populations are biologically heterogeneous, and optimal cell phenotypes for intra-articular therapy remain unclear. CD271 has been identified as a marker associated with MSC subpopulations with enhanced regenerative potential. The aim of this study is to evaluate whether intra-articular injection of phenotype-selected CD271-positive adipose-derived MSCs (AD-MSCs) provides additional structural benefits compared with unselected AD-MSCs in experimental OA.
methodsOA was induced in athymic rats by intra-articular injection of monoiodoacetate. Human infrapatellar fat pad-derived AD-MSCs were isolated and separated into CD271-positive fractions using magnetic-activated cell sorting. One week after OA induction, animals received intra-articular injection of saline, plastic-adherent AD-MSCs (PA-AD-MSCs), or CD271-positive AD-MSCs. Cartilage degeneration was assessed macroscopically and histologically using the Histologic/Histochemical Grading System (HHGS). Pain-related neuropeptides in dorsal root ganglia were analyzed by immunohistochemistry, and synovial inflammatory cytokines were quantified by ELISA.
resultsBoth MSC-treated groups showed significant attenuation of cartilage degeneration, reduced synovial TNF-α and IL-6 levels, and decreased expression of pain-related neuropeptides compared with controls. The CD271-positive AD-MSC group had significantly lower HHGS scores than the PA-AD-MSC group at day 14, whereas macroscopic cartilage scores, inflammatory cytokine levels, and pain-related neuropeptide expression were not significantly different between AD-MSC-treated groups.
conclusionsIntra-articular administration of AD-MSCs suppresses inflammation, pain-related signaling, and cartilage damage in OA. Enrichment for CD271-positive cells was associated with a modest early histological advantage, while anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects were comparable between AD-MSC-treated groups.
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