SynthesisBMC pediatrics2026
Incidence and risk factors of pediatric post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in BMC pediatrics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundTonsillectomy ranks among the most frequently performed surgical procedures in the pediatric population. Post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage (PTH) represents one of its most severe complications, potentially resulting in anemia, hemodynamic instability, reoperation, and even mortality. Nevertheless, the incidence of and risk factors for PTH are not well defined. Consequently, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine and identify risk factors for this postoperative complication.
methodsAn extensive literature search was executed across six electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Ovid MEDLINE) from their inception until June 1, 2025. We included observational studies (case-control, cohort, cross-sectional) that enrolled pediatric patients (aged 0-18 years) undergoing tonsillectomy. Data analysis was performed using Stata 16.0 and Review Manager 5.4.1.
resultsA total of 18 studies, encompassing 844,123 children, were included in the analysis. The pooled incidence of PTH was 3% (95% CI 3%-4%; I
conclusionsThis meta-analysis quantified a pooled PTH incidence of 3% in the pediatric population and identified multiple perioperative factors associated with increased odds of PTH. The findings may guide the risk stratification of patients and inform tailored preventive strategies and perioperative optimization, ultimately enhancing surgical safety and improving postoperative outcomes.
trial registrationPROSPERO CRD420251066627.
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