ArticleActa pharmacologica Sinica2026
ATF3/SOX11-regulated FST activates IGF1R-ERK/AKT-Sp1 signaling to sustain trigeminal neuropathic pain.
Article in Acta pharmacologica Sinica, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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10 authors.
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Abstract
Trigeminal neuropathic pain (TNP) is a severe facial pain disorder whose pathogenesis is incompletely understood. We previously identified follistatin (FST) as a contributor to peripheral nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain through direct binding to the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF1R) in the dorsal root ganglia. However, the regulatory mechanisms governing FST expression and its specific role in TNP remain unclear. Here, we report that FST is upregulated in trigeminal ganglion (TG) neurons following partial infraorbital nerve transection (pIONT), and that this process is regulated by the transcription factors ATF3 and SOX11. Genetic deletion or knockdown of Fst attenuated pIONT-induced TNP and reduced TG neuronal hyperexcitability. Intra-TG injection of FST promoted pain-like behaviors and activated ERK and AKT signaling in an IGF1R-dependent manner. In addition, FST decreased voltage-gated potassium (K
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