Population genetics of 37 Y-STR loci in Tibeto-Burman-speaking Yuxi Yi population from Yunnan Province, Southwest China.

This article presents a population dataset of 37 Y-chromosomal short tandem repeat (Y-STR) loci obtained from 705 unrelated Yi males residing in Yuxi city, Yunnan province, Southwest China. Genotyping was performed using the commercial six-dye multiplex system (Goldeneye™ Y Plus Kit), and the resulting profiles were used to estimate haplotype frequencies, forensic parameters, and interpopulation genetic relationships. A total of 587 haplotypes were detected; out of 705 samples, 510 were identified to be unique. The overall haplotype diversity (HD) reached 0.9992, while discrimination capacity (DC) was 0.8326. Allele frequency distributions for 33 single-copy loci and allele combination frequencies for 4 multi-copy loci are provided, together with information on microvariants, null alleles, and copy number variations. The gene diversity (GD) ranged from 0.0471 (DYS645) to 0.9247 (DYF387S1). Population comparisons between the Yuxi Yi and 23 reference groups were performed. Both multidimensional scaling plots and phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that Yuxi Yi had higher genetic affinity with Yunnan Lisu than other populations. These data expand the representation of the Yuxi Yi population in forensic and population-genetic reference datasets and provide a resource for future studies of paternal lineage diversity, forensic reference data, and interpopulation comparisons in China.