ArticleAMB Express2026
Investigation of the antimicrobial, antibiofilm, and immunomodulatory activities of cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon L.) proanthocyanidins against multidrug-resistant pathogens.
Article in AMB Express, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
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Abstract
The increasing emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens poses a significant challenge to global healthcare, necessitating the development of alternative antimicrobial strategies. In the present study, cranberry extract was evaluated for its antimicrobial, antibiofilm, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities against a panel of clinically relevant microorganisms, including Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The extract demonstrated notable antimicrobial activity, with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 32 to 512 µg/mL, exhibiting relatively higher efficacy against Gram-positive bacteria. Significant antibiofilm activity was observed at sub-inhibitory concentrations, where cranberry extract reduced biofilm formation by up to 75-80% at 1/2 MIC and 50-65% at 1/4 MIC (p < 0.05) across tested isolates. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) further supported these findings by revealing alterations in biofilm architecture following treatment. In addition, the extract exhibited strong antioxidant activity, achieving more than 85% free radical scavenging activity at higher concentrations. Cytotoxicity assessment revealed an IC
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