ArticleFrontiers in cellular neuroscience2026
Blood-brain barrier integrity disruption linked to brain lesions and relapse prediction in Southern Chinese anti-NMDAR encephalitis patients.
Article in Frontiers in cellular neuroscience, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Objective: This study aims to investigate the characteristic brain abnormalities in Southern Chinese patients with anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis and to explore their association with blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption and clinical implications. Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed 80 cases of anti-NMDAR encephalitis. Patients were divided into a group with abnormal brain MRI ( Results: Brain MRI abnormalities were observed in 43.75% (35/80) of the anti-NMDAR encephalitis patients. Among these, typical MRI findings of anti-NMDAR encephalitis abnormalities were present in 26 patients (32.5% of the total cohort). Brain MRI abnormalities were significantly associated with abnormal BBB permeability (42.9% vs. 13.3%, Conclusion: Abnormal BBB permeability is an independent risk factor for structural abnormalities on brain MRI and is positively correlated with the extent of MRI abnormalities. CSF OCB positivity is a risk factor for disease relapse. These findings may inform brain injury assessment, relapse risk stratification, and individualized treatment in patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis.
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