ArticleIranian journal of biotechnology2026
Analysis of Gut Microbiota Metabolites in Chronic Kidney Disease-Associated Pruritus Using Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking.
Article in Iranian journal of biotechnology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Chronic kidney disease-associated pruritus (CKD-aP) remains a frequent and distressing symptom in patients with renal dysfunction, yet its biological mechanisms are still not well defined. Growing evidence suggests that gut microbiota-derived metabolites may participate in systemic inflammatory regulation, providing a potential entry point for exploring CKD-aP pathogenesis. Objectives: This study aimed to elucidate how gut microbial metabolites interact with host molecular targets involved in CKD-aP, and to identify candidate metabolites with therapeutic relevance through integrative bioinformatics approaches. Materials and Methods: Gut metabolite data were retrieved from the gutMGene database, and CKD-aP-related genes were collected from GeneCards, DisGeNET, and OMIM. Intersection targets were processed through STRING-based protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis, followed by Gene Ontology and KEGG pathway enrichment using the DAVID platform. An integrated microbiota-substrate-metabolite-target (MSMT) network was constructed to visualize microbial-metabolic interactions. Key metabolites were subsequently examined by molecular docking to assess binding affinity with pivotal targets. Results: A total of 44 overlapping genes were identified between microbial metabolites and CKD-aP, among which IL6, AKT1, and PPARG were highlighted as major hub regulators. MSMT network analysis indicated strong associations among Lacticaseibacillus paracasei, tryptophan-related metabolites, and linoleic-acid-derived compounds in modulating CKD-aP. KEGG results emphasized pathways enriched in inflammatory and immune responses, including IL-17, C-type lectin receptor, and Toll-like receptor signaling. Docking simulations supported robust interactions for several metabolites, particularly 10-keto-12Z-octadecenoic acid with PPARG, Genipin with CASP3, and Urolithin A with CYP1A1. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that gut microbial metabolites may alleviate CKD-aP by targeting IL6, AKT1, and PPARG through inflammatory signaling pathways. Notably, 10-keto-12Z-octadecenoic acid from Lacticaseibacillus paracasei demonstrates strong binding affinity with PPARG, highlighting the potential of probiotic-derived metabolites as novel therapeutic strategies for managing pruritus in chronic kidney disease patients.
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