ReviewCureus2026
Gingival Enlargement During Orthodontic Treatment: A Narrative Review.
Review in Cureus, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Gingival enlargement is commonly seen during orthodontic treatment, specifically in individuals with fixed appliances. Its clinical significance stems from its multifactorial etiology. The purpose of this narrative review is to evaluate the available evidence related to the causes, influential components, symptomatic profiles, and therapeutic approaches to gingival enlargement during orthodontic treatment. An electronic literature research was carried out in PubMed without any limitations. A total of 10 studies were chosen, incorporating one randomized clinical trial and nine observational studies, including cross-sectional descriptive, histological, clinical observational, clinical and histological, and case report studies. The selected articles were focused on gingival alterations in individuals with either fixed or removable orthodontic devices. Then, the determinations were synthesized narratively and thematically. The outcomes propose that multiple factors are associated with gingival enlargement. Fixed orthodontic appliances are associated with an increased risk of gingival enlargement and may influence immune-mediated responses, resulting in thickened epithelium and proliferation of connective tissue, as demonstrated by histological findings. The overall therapy time, the type of device, and local irritants are considered influential factors. The treatment can be either conservative, such as improved dental health and the administration of antimicrobials, or invasive, including gingival excision or laser surgery. Laser therapy may be considered less invasive due to minimal hemorrhage and better recovery outcomes, although based on limited evidence. Gingival enlargement associated with orthodontic devices is a condition influenced by multiple factors, including microbial, mechanical, and substance-related factors. Even though inflammation can be reduced with minimally invasive treatments, surgical interventions are often essential in ongoing cases. Additional longitudinal research is essential to explain the etiology and strengthen prophylactic and healing approaches. The objective of this narrative review was to evaluate existing information on gingival enlargement associated with orthodontic appliances, with a particular focus on the underlying mechanisms, clinical consequences, and therapeutic strategies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.