Affordable thermal control for cell culture chambers: An open-source, PID-based heating module.

Majid Rostami, Sesha Sai Ramineni, Sangyoon J Han

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in HardwareX, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

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0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

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2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Majid RostamiDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, USA.

Sesha Sai RamineniDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, USA.

Sangyoon J HanDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, USA.

Funding

Nascent Adhesion-Based Mechano-transmission for Extracellular Matrix Stiffness SensingR15GM135806 · NIGMS · MICHIGAN TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY · PI HAN, SANGYOON JOSHUA · 2019 to 2024

$964k

NIGMS NIH HHS R15 GM135806

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Commercial environmental control systems for live cell imaging chambers frequently cost $10,000-20,000. This paper presents an open-source, PID-controlled heating module built entirely from off-the-shelf components for approximately $500. The system employs four adhesively mounted polyimide heater pads driven at 12 VDC through a closed-loop chain: a K-type thermocouple feeds a Delta DTB4848LV controller, whose analog output is converted to PWM and applied to the heaters via an opto-isolated MOSFET switch. The required heating power was determined through analytical thermal sizing and verified by finite-element simulation (ANSYS Mechanical), confirming that the cell culture region reaches

Indexed as

Cell culture heatingMechanobiologyOpen-source hardwarePID controllerPolyimide heaterThermal control

Identifiers

PMID42472296

DOI10.1016/j.ohx.2026.e00810

PMCPMC13380222

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata

LicenceCC BY-NC-ND

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.