ReviewCureus2026
Periodontal Outcomes in Orthodontic Patients With Skeletal Malocclusions Undergoing Orthognathic Surgery: A Comprehensive Review.
Review in Cureus, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Periodontal outcomes in orthodontic patients undergoing orthognathic surgery reflect a biologically complex treatment pathway rather than a single treatment-related event. This structured, comprehensive narrative review examined the available evidence on periodontal health in patients with skeletal malocclusions treated with combined orthodontic-orthognathic therapy, with emphasis on baseline periodontal vulnerability, presurgical orthodontic decompensation, surgery-related tissue response, post-treatment periodontal stability, and the major factors influencing prognosis. The search was conducted from database inception through May 2026. Evidence from 35 studies identified through PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase was reviewed and interpreted comparatively according to treatment phase, periodontal outcome type, anatomic site, and level of clinical support. The evidence showed that periodontal risk was not distributed evenly across the treatment sequence. Baseline vulnerability was frequently present before treatment, particularly in the mandibular anterior region, where reduced alveolar support, thin phenotype, and unfavorable root position were common. Presurgical orthodontic decompensation emerged as the phase most consistently associated with periodontal challenge, especially in relation to alveolar bone loss, dehiscence, and fenestration around mandibular incisors. By contrast, orthognathic surgery itself appeared to contribute more often to short-term plaque-related and soft-tissue changes than to generalized long-term periodontal breakdown, although segmental procedures may carry greater site-specific risk. Overall, the current literature supports a model in which periodontal prognosis is phase-dependent, anatomically conditioned, and clinically modifiable. The strongest evidence points to the importance of early periodontal risk assessment, biologically controlled decompensation, and close interdisciplinary monitoring throughout orthodontic-surgical treatment.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.