ArticleTobacco induced diseases2026
Effect of smoking on dental pulp responses to thermal and electrical sensibility tests.
Article in Tobacco induced diseases, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionSmoking is associated with vascular constriction and neural alterations that may influence pulpal blood flow and sensory responses. However, the relationship between cigarette consumption and dental pulp sensibility to thermal and electrical stimuli remains incompletely understood. This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the association between daily cigarette consumption and the dental pulp sensibility of maxillary central incisors assessed using a cold test and electric pulp test (EPT).
methodsEighty-eight systemically healthy participants aged 18-40 years were allocated into four groups according to daily cigarette consumption: non-smokers, 1-10, 11-20, and >20 cigarettes/day (n=22 per group). Pulp sensibility was assessed using EPT (stimulus range: 0-64) and cold testing (response time in seconds). Group comparisons were performed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests, followed by Dunn's post hoc analysis where appropriate (p<0.05).
resultsMean EPT stimulus thresholds increased progressively with higher daily cigarette consumption, ranging from 4.27 ± 1.32 in non-smokers to 7.23 ± 1.80 in heavy smokers (p=0.001). Similarly, cold test response times were significantly prolonged with increasing cigarette intake (0.51 ± 0.31 s in non-smokers vs 1.07 ± 0.33 s in heavy smokers; p=0.001). In contrast, smoking duration was not significantly associated with either EPT thresholds (p=0.832) or cold test response times (p=0.258).
conclusionsDental pulp sensibility responses were increasingly attenuated with higher daily cigarette consumption, whereas smoking duration showed no significant association with test outcomes. These findings suggest that the daily quantity of cigarettes consumed may be a more relevant factor than smoking duration when interpreting pulp sensibility test results. Clinicians should consider smoking status as a potential modifier during pulp sensibility assessment.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.