ArticleInternational breastfeeding journal2026
A framework of long-term breastfeeding counseling and support in Finland.
Article in International breastfeeding journal, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveBreastfeeding beyond infancy provides health benefits for both children and breastfeeding parents but supporting it is not an established practice in health promotion in Western countries. The present study is the first to present a framework describing the measures required in health care settings to develop counseling and support for long-term breastfeeding. The study was carried out in Finland and provides perspectives into the development of breastfeeding counseling practice in Western healthcare settings.
methodsThis qualitative descriptive study employed online focus group interviews (n = 4) and inductive content analysis. The participants (N = 22) were public health nurses (n = 12) with experience in supporting long-term breastfeeding in maternity and child health clinics, and trained breastfeeding peer supporters (n = 10), who play a key role in promoting breastfeeding beyond infancy. To support consensus-building during the development of the framework, a feedback round of the analysis was conducted among the participants.
resultsThe framework consisted of two main categories: Individual counseling, and Structural-level support. Individual counseling involved active promotion of long-term breastfeeding, counseling during infancy to enable continuation of breastfeeding, counseling for long-term breastfeeding and a family-centered approach. Structural-level support included a system structured to support long-term breastfeeding and ensured competence related to long-term breastfeeding support.
conclusionsThe framework outlines the key counseling content and practical strategies to effectively support families with breastfeeding beyond infancy. The results emphasize the need for multi-level actions, from individual professionals to organizational structures, to create supportive environments for long-term breastfeeding within health care services. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: The framework offers practical value for enhancing training initiatives for health professionals and for developing maternal and child health services at the organizational level.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.