Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42471724›Full record

ArticleArchives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique2026

Ischemic heart disease mortality with documented tobacco use in the United States, 1999-2023: a nationwide population-based analysis.

Alyaa Ahmed Ibrahim, Zuha Tariq, Abdul Samad, Ahmed Khairy, Alaa Eldeeb, Maha Sajjad, Abdelrhman H Mohamed, Walid Bechibchi, Mohamed Alatfawy, Karim Othman Abdelnaim and 5 more

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Article in Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Alyaa Ahmed IbrahimFaculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt. alyaaahmedmasoud9@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0003-9702-8463
Zuha TariqDepartment of Medicine, Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0002-6014-1764
Abdul SamadDepartment of Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0006-8844-2509
Ahmed KhairyFaculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0003-9964-6046
Alaa EldeebFaculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0008-9732-0858
Maha SajjadDepartment of Medicine, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0000-8753-6681
Abdelrhman H MohamedFaculty of Medicine, Luxor University, Luxor, Egypt.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0001-3901-0447
Walid BechibchiFaculty of Medicine, University of Constantine 3, Salah Boubnider, Constantine, Algeria.
Mohamed AlatfawyFaculty of Medicine, Kafr El-Sheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0009-0270-200X
Karim Othman AbdelnaimFaculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0006-0216-3219
Amr IbrahimFaculty of Medicine, Monoufia University, Monoufia, Egypt.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0008-0439-447X
Ahmed Atef MohamedFaculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0009-6615-7573
Rodina SharafFaculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
Irfan UllahDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospitals Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Mohamed Fawzi HemidaFaculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0001-0155-1539

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundTobacco use is a major risk factor for ischemic heart disease (IHD), substantially increasing the likelihood of myocardial infarction, stroke, and premature mortality. This study examined U.S. trends in IHD mortality with documented tobacco use disorder from 1999 to 2023.

methodsCDC mortality data for adults aged ≥ 25 years with IHD (ICD-10 codes: I20-I25) and documented tobacco use (ICD-10 code: F17) listed as contributing causes of death were analyzed. Age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) per 100,000 population were calculated. Joinpoint regression was used to estimate annual percent change (APC) and average annual percent change (AAPC).

resultsFrom 1999 to 2023, 1,497,919 deaths were reported. The AAMR rose from 3.90 to 32.37 (AAPC: 10.71; p < 0.01). Males had a higher AAMR (39.68; AAPC: 10.72) than females (14.05; AAPC: 10.77). Non-Hispanic (NH) Whites had the highest AAMR (26.86), followed by American Indians (25.43), NH Blacks (19.77), and Hispanics (10.38). The Midwest had the highest regional AAMR (32.96). Most deaths occurred in inpatient facilities (27.9%). Adults aged ≥ 65 years had the highest mortality rate (CMR: 92.16). Rural areas exceeded urban (35.73 vs. 22.95).

conclusionIHD mortality with documented tobacco use has risen sharply, disproportionately affecting older adults, males, rural areas, the Midwest, and NH Whites.

Indexed as

Cardiovascular diseaseIschemic‍‌ heart diseaseMortalityTobacco use

Identifiers

PMID42471724
PMCPMC13383482

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LicenceCC BY
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.