ArticleBMC oral health2026
Comparative in vitro cytotoxicity of four commercially available 5% sodium fluoride varnishes in HGF-1 gingival fibroblasts.
Article in BMC oral health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundThis study compared in vitro cytotoxicity-related effects of four commercially available 5% sodium fluoride (NaF) varnishes (Enamelast
methodsVarnish-derived supernatants were prepared using a standardized extraction approach and applied to HGF-1 cells at six concentrations ranging from 0.0625% to 2% for 24 h. Cell viability, membrane integrity, and migration were assessed using MTT, LDH release, and wound-healing assays, respectively. Experiments were performed in three independent biological replicates with technical triplicates. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test for concentration-response assays and one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's test for migration analysis.
resultsAll four varnishes showed concentration-dependent adverse effects on HGF-1 cells. Polimo
conclusionsThe four tested 5% NaF varnishes showed different cytotoxicity-related response profiles in HGF-1 cells, with Polimo
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