ArticleBMC anesthesiology2026
The venous flow per respiratory cycle of right external iliac vein flow by ultrasound in the different position for predicting post-spinal hypotension during cesarean delivery.
Article in BMC anesthesiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPost-spinal anesthesia hypotension during cesarean delivery results from reduced systemic vascular resistance due to the blockade of autonomic nerves, which is further worsened by inferior vena cava (IVC) compression by the gravid uterus. The study aimed to determine whether venous flow per respiratory cycle of right external iliac vein flow (REIVF) in the inguinal region, as measured on ultrasound in the deferent positions, could reflect the degree of IVC compression and further identify parturients at risk of post-spinal hypotension.
methodsOne hundred and twenty parturients scheduled for elective cesarean delivery under spinal anesthesia were enrolled in this study. Venous flow (VF) per respiratory cycle of the REIVF was measured using ultrasound before anesthesia in the supine position and a left tilt of 15°(A 15° slope pad is placed under the waist of the pregnant woman)Respond 1. All patients were divided into a hypotension group (n = 64) and a non-hypotension group (n = 53) Respond 11. based on whether SHS occurred. The primary outcomes included preoperative ultrasound parameters of REIVF obtained in different positions, the correlation between these parameters and SHS, and the magnitude of changes in REIVF induced by postural alteration (ΔREIVF). Hypotension was defined as a more than 20% reduction in systolic blood pressure relative to baseline. Respond 4. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to explore the relationship between ΔREIVF and post-spinal hypotension. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed to evaluate the predictive performance of relevant parameters for post-spinal hypotension. The corresponding area under the curve (AUC) and optimal cut-off values were subsequently calculated.
resultsAt a 15° left tilt, REIVF was significantly higher in the non-hypotensive group than in the hypotensive group. In both groups, REIVF per respiratory cycle at a 15° left tilt was significantly higher than that in the supine position (P < 0.001).The difference in right external iliac vein flow between the supine position and 15° left tilt (ΔREIVF) was independently associated with post-spinal hypotension (SHS) following spinal anesthesia for cesarean delivery (OR = 1.071, 95% CI: 1.038-1.104, P < 0.001).Although systolic blood pressure (SBP) declined in both subgroups (ΔREIVF > 125.85 mL/min vs. ΔREIVF ≤ 125.85 mL/min), the reduction in SBP was markedly greater in the ΔREIVF > 125.85 mL/min group at 4 and 5 min after spinal anesthesia (P = 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively). In addition, heart rate (HR) increased significantly in the ΔREIVF ≤ 125.85 mL/min group at 4 min after spinal anesthesia (P = 0.011).
conclusionVariations in REIVF among different positions prior to anesthesia are predictive of subsequent post-spinal hypotension (SHS). Respond 3.
trial registrationThis study was registered at http://www.chictr.org.cn , No. ChiCTR2100046925, 2021-05-31.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.