ArticleBMC nursing2026
A cross-sectional study on knowledge, attitudes, and practices of occupational protection among central sterile supply department nurses: current status, associated factors, and an exploratory path analysis.
Article in BMC nursing, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundThis study aimed to investigate knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding occupational protection among Central Sterile Supply Department nurses.
methodsA cross-sectional online survey was conducted among a convenience sample of Central Sterile Supply Department nurses recruited through a province-level CSSD professional network in Zhejiang Province, China, between 4 January and 1 March 2026. A self-designed questionnaire with acceptable reliability (Cronbach's α = 0.725) was used to assess demographic characteristics and the three KAP dimensions.
resultsA total of 306 participants were included; most were female (95.8%), aged > 45 years (41.5%), and had a bachelor's degree or above (85.3%). Mean knowledge, attitude, and practice scores were 14.77 ± 1.73 (possible range: 0-18), 37.06 ± 2.87 (possible range: 8-40), and 45.90 ± 3.52 (possible range: 10-50), respectively. Path analysis revealed that attitudes showed the strongest direct association with practices (β = 0.542, P = 0.014). In multivariable analysis, higher attitude scores (β = 0.667, 95% CI: 0.549-0.784, P < 0.001) and ≥ 3 training sessions/year (β = 0.930, 95% CI: 0.062-1.798, P = 0.036) were associated with better practices, whereas 11-20 years (β=-1.249, P = 0.049) and > 30 years (β=-1.773, P = 0.009) of nursing experience were associated with lower practice scores, suggesting experience-related variations rather than a direct negative impact. Attitudes correlated strongly with practices (r = 0.584, P < 0.001), whereas knowledge showed no significant correlation with attitudes (r = 0.088, P = 0.125).
conclusionsIn this convenience sample, CSSD nurses in Zhejiang Province showed favourable self-reported occupational protection attitudes and practices, but exhibited substantial and critical item-level deficits in knowledge regarding bloodborne exposure management and post-exposure prophylaxis timing. Implementing a mandatory, high-frequency (≥ 3 sessions per year), scenario-based occupational protection training programme linked to annual performance evaluation, alongside targeted modules for senior nurses, is recommended to improve protective practices. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: Not applicable.
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