ArticleBMC emergency medicine2026
Divergent perceptions of the emergency consultation process between emergency physicians and consultants: a cross-sectional survey with latent class and dyadic risk analysis.
Article in BMC emergency medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesThe emergency consultation process is a high-stakes interface between emergency and specialist physicians, yet systematic differences in how each party perceives this process remain poorly characterized. This study aimed to quantify the perception gap between emergency physicians (EPs) and consultants (CNs) across multiple consultation domains and to identify distinct perception profiles and dyadic conflict risk patterns.
methodsA cross-sectional survey was administered to 186 physicians (81 EPs, 105 CNs) in Türkiye between January 2024 and January 2026, using parallel EP- and CN-specific questionnaires. Group comparisons were performed using the Mann-Whitney U test with rank-biserial effect sizes. Perception gap analysis, latent class analysis (LCA), and Monte Carlo dyadic conflict risk simulation (n = 10,000 dyads per combination) were conducted.
resultsStatistically significant between-group differences were identified in six of eight domains. The largest perception gaps were observed for frequency of unnecessary consultation requests (r = 0.723), clarity of expectations stated in requests (r = 0.658), and timeliness of responses (r = 0.624). LCA identified two latent classes: "Dissatisfied Requesters" (88.1% EPs) and "Overwhelmed Responders" (94.0% CNs; χ² = 110.49, p < 0.001). Dyadic simulation revealed the highest conflict risk in conflictual × conflictual pairings (mean risk score 3.46; 24.8% high-risk dyads), with no asymmetry between mixed-profile combinations (Δ = 0.02).
conclusionsEmergency physicians and consultants exhibit systematically divergent perceptions of the consultation process, converging only in their shared perception of workflow burden. The absence of asymmetric conflict risk in mixed profiles in this exploratory simulation may be consistent with interprofessional conflict being a bidirectional phenomenon, suggesting that system-level rather than individual-level approaches may warrant consideration. Structured consultation training and shared expectation frameworks are proposed as directions for future investigation. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: Not applicable.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.