ArticleScientific reports2026
Secondary traumatic stress among healthcare workers in Egypt and the mediating role of workplace protective factors.
Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Healthcare workers are occupationally exposed to traumatic events, placing them at risk of secondary traumatic stress (STS) a condition characterized by intrusion, avoidance, and arousal symptoms. To determine the prevalence of STS among healthcare workers, identify early warning signs, evaluate the effectiveness of workplace preventive measures, and identify factors associated with STS. A cross-sectional study was conducted from October to December 2025 among 783 healthcare workers in critical care units at Tanta University Hospitals, Egypt. Data were collected using a structured self-administered questionnaire including the Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale (STSS), an early warning signs scale, and a preventive measures scale. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify associated factors with STS. The frequency of STS was 64.5%, with a total mean score of 58.16 ± 11.18. The most frequent early warning signs were chronic exhaustion (3.43 ± 1.126), increased anxiety about safety (3.18 ± 1.156), and difficulty maintaining work-life boundaries (3.17 ± 1.206). A strong positive correlation was observed between STS score and warning signs score (r = 0.76, p < 0.01). Multivariate logistic regression identified physicians (AOR = 2.14), working > 40 h/week (AOR = 2.07), > 8-night shifts/month (AOR = 2.56), absence of preventive measures (AOR = 2.87), and sick leave history (AOR = 1.89) as significant associated factors of severe STS. Mediation analysis revealed that social support mediated the relationship between occupational stressors and secondary traumatic stress, with a significant indirect effect (0.105, 95% CI: 0.062-0.148) accounting for 23.4% of the total effect. STS is highly prevalent among Egyptian healthcare workers and is significantly associated with modifiable workplace factors. The absence of essential organizational interventions highlights critical gaps in occupational health protection. Routine surveillance, mandatory debriefing, and enhanced organizational support are urgently needed.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.