ArticleJournal of optometry2026
Effect of active vision therapy on task-based saccadic and smooth pursuit performance in children with anisometropic amblyopia.
Article in Journal of optometry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
purposeTo evaluate the association between Active Vision Therapy (AVT) combined with occlusion and occlusion-only therapy in task-based saccadic and pursuit visuomotor performance and visual outcomes in children with anisometropic amblyopia.
methodsForty children (median age=9years, IQR=7-11) with persistent anisometropic amblyopia after six weeks of spectacle adaptation were alternately assigned to AVT-occlusion (n = 23) or occlusion-only (n = 17). BCVA, stereopsis, contrast sensitivity, and task-based saccadic and smooth pursuit performance were measured at baseline, three weeks, six weeks, and three months. AVT included structured monocular and binocular exercises using Vision Training System 4 and Cheiroscope, while occlusion involved daily patching of the fellow eye. Repeated-measures ANOVA and Friedman tests evaluated changes over time, partial Spearman correlations adjusted for group examined associations between oculomotor and visual improvements.
resultsBoth groups improved in BCVA, and task-based saccadic and smooth pursuit performance (p < 0.05) in the AVT-occlusion group. Significant time × therapy interactions were found for BCVA, task-based saccadic and smooth pursuit performance, and contrast sensitivity (p ≤ 0.03). At three months, AVT-occlusion outperformed occlusion-only in BCVA (-0.13 logMAR, p = 0.01), task-based saccadic response time (-0.78 ms equivalent, P < 0.001) and task-based smooth pursuit performance (4.68%, p = 0.03), and contrast sensitivity (0.06 log-units, p = 0.005). Greater gain in task-based saccadic (ρ=-0.43, p = 0.006) and smooth pursuit (ρ=-0.53, p = 0.001) performance correlated with BCVA improvement; faster saccadic response performance (ρ=0.35, p = 0.026) correlated with better stereopsis.
conclusionsAVT with occlusion was associated with greater improvements in functional visuomotor task performance and visual outcomes in children with anisometropic amblyopia, supporting its role as a function-oriented adjunct to conventional therapy.
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