SynthesisNeurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation2026
Double-Negative Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Synthesis in Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Double-seronegative neuromyelitis optica: it is possible to interrupt treatment after 10 years of stability.Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectivesNeuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a severe condition usually associated with aquaporin-4 (AQP4) antibodies. A clinical presentation suggestive of NMOSD can also be associated with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibodies (MOGAD). NMOSD can be diagnosed in the absence of autoantibodies (double-negative NMOSD [DN-NMOSD]), but this subgroup has been poorly investigated. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to define the clinical spectrum, prognosis, and treatment response in DN-NMOSD vs AQP4-NMOSD/MOGAD.
methodsWe searched on PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases of studies on patients fulfilling inclusion criteria. Patient characteristics, outcome measures, and treatment regimens were extracted.
resultsWe included 41 of 1,027 articles screened and analyzed 671 patients with DN-NMOSD (median age 38.6 years [range IQR: 32.5-42.85]; female-to-male ratio 1.5:1; median follow-up 44.4 months [range 1-600]), 73.6% of which relapsed. In the meta-analysis, mean annualized relapse rate (ARR) was higher, albeit not significantly, in DN-NMOSD (1.08; 95% CI 0.73-1.43) vs AQP4-NMOSD (0.84; 95% CI 0.45-1.23) and MOGAD (0.61; 95% CI 0.39-0.83, DISCUSSION: DN-NMOSD is a heterogenous, severe and highly relapsing disease, where attacks lead to irreversible dysfunction. The administration of maintenance immunotherapy reduces the relapse risk and should be considered early to prevent further disability.
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