Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42467398›Full record

ReviewClinical child and family psychology review2026

Therapeutic Homework and Treatment Outcomes in Youth Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Internalizing Disorders: A Meta-Analysis.

Abigail E Pine, Mary A Gum, Michelle M Liu, Joseph F McGuire

Abstract readReview
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In one paragraph

Review in Clinical child and family psychology review, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Abigail E PineDivision of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 550 North Broadway Suite 206, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA. apine1@jh.edu.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6970-5808
Mary A GumDivision of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 550 North Broadway Suite 206, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
Michelle M LiuDivision of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 550 North Broadway Suite 206, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
Joseph F McGuireDivision of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 550 North Broadway Suite 206, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Homework adherence represents a salient, modifiable target for improving cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) outcomes for pediatric internalizing disorders. While the adult literature has found a clear connection between CBT homework adherence and treatment outcomes, the evidence among youth have been mixed regarding the extent to which between-session homework adherence predicts CBT outcomes. The present study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis that examines the association between homework adherence and CBT outcomes in clinical trials of internalizing disorders for youth. Fourteen studies met prespecified inclusion criteria, comprising a total sample of 1179 participants (M age = 11.33 years, 53.79% female). Random-effects meta-analytic models identified a small-to-moderate association between greater homework adherence and lower post-treatment symptoms (r = -0.23, p < 0.001). Interestingly, disorder type significantly moderated this association, such that the association between homework adherence and CBT outcomes was strongest in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) samples (r = -0.42), compared to anxiety (r = -0.14) and depression (r = -0.06). Findings underscore the importance of homework adherence as a mechanism of youth CBT, particularly for OCD. Enhancing homework adherence may help optimize CBT outcomes in pediatric populations.

Indexed as

Children and adolescentsCognitive behavioral therapyHomework adherenceTreatment outcomes

Identifiers

PMID42467398

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.