ReviewPlanta2026
Scientific approach to reveal the conception indistinct fertilization barriers in interspecific Lilium hybridization: cytological insights.
Review in Planta, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
MAIN
conclusionLilium belonging to the Liliaceae family, is known as one of the most primitive cut flowers produced commercially in diverse regions of the Northern Hemisphere with almost 110 species. Pre- and post-fertilization hurdles cause problems in the development of interspecific Lilium hybrids due to pollen germination and stigma incompatibility, leading to improper pollen tube growth and seeds with a small embryo and no endosperm. Internal genetic and physiological factors, as well as external climatic factors, strongly influence pollen viability and germination. We linked pistillate analyses as a new way to look deeper into the stylar pollen germination capability and compatibility. Robust pollen staining and in vitro germination serve as indicators for predicting in vivo pollen vigor in interspecific Lilium breeding. Pollen tube growth was determined by how successfully the pollen was received by the pistil, pollen tube growth behavior, the ratio of successfully fertilized ovules, and embryo formation. Some issues in pollen tube behavior during normal pollination, like no germination, abnormal tube growth, and callose deposits, and some unusual growth patterns of pollen tubes, either twisted and swollen, have been encountered. During diakinesis, chromosomes are normally paired into bivalents, allowing segregation during gamete formation. However, in some cases, meiotic abnormalities such as asymmetric division, laggard chromosomes, or chromosome bridges can lead to meiotic polyploidization, forming 2n gametes. On the other hand, irregular homoeologous chromosomes could underlie poor fertility or sterility in hybrid combinations due to improper pairing. Extensive cytological analyses play a significant role in identifying the key barriers encountered at pre- and post-fertilization stages. For successful interspecific hybridization, it is necessary to thoroughly assess pre- and post-fertilization barriers to avoid breeding obstruction.
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